SMACNA Fire, Smoke & Radiation Damper Installation for HVAC
Fire and smoke dampers are installed in ductwork, ceiling cavities, and other barriers. If a fire breaks out, they are designed to close and suppress…
AMPP TR1505-2022: Wildfires Damage to Combustion Products
Wildfire frequency and severity continue to pose risks to transmission and distribution line structures—thereby raising concerns for power utilities. In part due to climate change,…
ISO 23932-1:2018— Fire Safety Engineering
The Palisades fire of January 2025 has been the most destructive fire in Los Angeles County history, engulfing over 17,000 acres, displacing upwards of 175,000 people, and…
ASTM F2601-18: Fire Safety for Candle Accessories
Blowing out a candle may cause hot wax and sparks to scatter, which can be a fire hazard; it can create smoke and soot, which…
ANSI/BHMA A156.4-2024: Door Closers And Pivots
When slamming, banging doors kept interrupting services in the Boston Trinity Church, Mr. L. C. Norton created the first door closer in 1877. Coil springs and double-swinging…
2024 International Fire Code (ICC IFC-2024)
The International Fire Code (IFC) is active throughout the United States, as it is in use or has been adopted in 41 states, as well as…
ASTM E84-23: Surface Burning Of Building Materials
Fire fighting was a sport at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. Teams of professional and volunteer firefighters competed, and they were required to…
ASTM F2058-07(2021): Candle Fire Safety Labeling
The ancient Romans developed the wicked candle in the year 500 BCE by repeatedly dipping rolled papyrus in melted tallow wax, derived from the fat of…
Creating and Retrofitting Wildfire-Resistant Buildings
Wildfires are dangerous and costly. It costs nearly $3 billion a year to fight wildfires, and prime fire conditions will continue for the foreseeable future….