ANSI E1.19-2021: Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters
Electricity powers nearly every aspect of modern life—from homes, offices, entertainment venues, and industrial facilities. Yet when electrical current strays from its intended path, the results can be dangerous or even fatal. Ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) are a critical safety technology designed to prevent electric shock by shutting off power the moment a ground fault is detected. To help assure that these devices function reliably in specialized environments—particularly in the entertainment environments—ANSI E1.19-2021: Recommended Practice for the use of Class A Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) Intended for Personnel Protection in the Entertainment Industry provides guidance for using Class A GFCIs.
What Is a Ground Fault?
A ground fault occurs when electrical current leaves its intended conductor and unintentionally flows to ground—usually the earth. This path is unrestricted since there is no longer resistance and the flow of charge increases dramatically and quickly.
Common causes of a ground fault include insulation damage, wiring issues, and moisture intrusion, and the results can range from nuisance alarms to serious shock hazards, equipment damage, and fire risk. Because of this potential for shock, ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protection is used to protect human life.
What Is ANSI E1.19-2021?
ANSI E1.19-2021 is a recommended practice for the selection, installation, use, and maintenance of Class A ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) in the entertainment industry. It recommends a practice for the safe use of Class A Ground Fault GFCIs on 120-240 VAC single and three phase 60 Hz circuits with current ratings of 100 ampere or below where the voltage to ground does not exceed 150 VAC (hereinafter referred to as 15 to 100 ampere, 120-240 VAC, single and three phase circuits).
The American National Standard aims to protect personnel from shock and fire hazards, providing guidance on managing nuisance tripping and higher ampacity circuits.
Ground-Fault Protection in Entertainment: ANSI E1.19-2021
ANSI E1.19-2021 notes that ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) are used for personnel protection across a wide range of entertainment environments. These include places of assembly, film and television production, broadcast facilities, theatrical performances, carnivals, circuses, fairs, and similar events throughout North America. By outlining recommended practices for their use, this American National Standard helps assure ground-fault protection is implemented effectively—supporting safer productions for crews, performers, and audiences alike.
GFCI: A Small Device with a Big Safety Impact
Ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) are fast-acting electrical safety devices designed to quickly cut power if it detects an imbalance between the current flowing into and out of a circuit. If a GFCI senses even a tiny difference in current—typically around 4 to 6 milliamps—it can shut off power in as little as 1/40 of a second. This rapid response dramatically reduces the risk of severe electric shock.
Hence, GFCIs are one of the most effective technologies for preventing electrical injuries. In environments where temporary electrical systems and large crews intersect—such as concerts, theaters, and film productions—clear guidance on their use is essential.
Key Applications of GFCIs in Entertainment
Entertainment productions frequently rely on temporary electrical systems operating in demanding environments such as outdoor stages, film locations, or venues with extensive lighting and audio equipment. Because these setups often involve moisture, heavy electrical loads, and portable wiring, ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) play a critical role in reducing the risk of electric shock.
Film & TV Sets
Portable, high-current “Shock-Block” GFCIs are commonly used to protect lighting and camera equipment, particularly during outdoor shoots or scenes involving rain or water effects.
Live Events & Stages
Concerts and theatrical productions use GFCIs to help protect crews and performers from electrical hazards caused by damaged cables, moisture, or high-load equipment.
Temporary Power Systems
Outdoor events and touring productions often rely on portable power distribution systems, where GFCIs provide added protection against faults caused by weather exposure, equipment wear, or system damage.
Where to Find ANSI E1.19-2021
ANSI E1.19-2021 was developed by Entertainment Services and Technology Association (ESTA).
Please direct any technical questions relating to this American National Standard to the developer. You can find the contact information for all ANSI-accredited standards developers here: List of ANSI-Accredited Standards Developers (ASDs).
For further information, please refer to: Who to Contact for Standards Related Questions.
ANSI E1.19-2021: Recommended Practice for the use of Class A Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) Intended for Personnel Protection in the Entertainment Industry is available on the ANSI Webstore.
