Standards Help Build Safe and Resilient World Cup Stadiums
Hosting millions of fans at the FIFA World Cup requires much more than iconic stadiums and unforgettable matches. Every venue must be designed to safely…
ASTM F1015-03(2017): Abrasiveness of Synthetic Turf
The first iterations of artificial turf were invented in 1964. It was first used in 1966 at the Astrodome, a newly-built stadium in Houston, to…
History of Soccer: From Ancient Games to Modern Football
Soccer—called football in most countries—is the world’s most popular sport, played and watched by more than 4 billion people. The history of soccer dates back…
ASTM F2950-14(2021): Soccer Goals
The first known reference to a soccer goal can be traced back to the reign of Chinese Emperor Ch’eng Ti (around 32 B.C.), when two…